touyw's posterous http://touyw.posterous.com Most recent posts at touyw's posterous posterous.com Sun, 13 Feb 2011 09:31:00 -0800 How To Tell If You Like A Guy : 3 Sure Shot Ways To Tell Him! http://touyw.posterous.com/how-to-tell-if-you-like-a-guy-3-sure-shot-way http://touyw.posterous.com/how-to-tell-if-you-like-a-guy-3-sure-shot-way

How To Tell If You Like A Guy : 3 Sure Shot Ways To Tell Him!

Author: Sarah Nichols

Are you one of the girls who find it difficult to express your feelings to a guy and tell him that you really like him? If yes, then you need not have to worry about this as there are a large number of girls who face this difficulty and that too when they are going on a date for the very first time. You may be the girl who like a particular guy and is actually in deep love with him. However, there may be situations in which the girl would like to express the feelings and know about if there are similar emotions in the guy as well. In such problematic cases, it is important to know the tricks and tips that will actually work as wonders as far as telling a guy about your feelings are concerned. Like it is said that it is essential to clap with both the hands in order to hear the applause, similar is the case with relationships. It is highly necessary to tell the guy about how much do you feel about him. The situation can become worse in case when the girl fails to express her emotions and that too when the guy is not even giving any hints as well. Following are some of the ways that can actually help you to tell if you like a guy: 1. Approaching directly-easiest ways Approaching directly- This highly simple way has actually proved to be one of the most trusted and beneficial one. All you need to do is to have a good amount of courage and to eliminate all the fears that are attached to the word 'rejection'. If you are possessed with a confident nature that the guy you like, loves you as well, you can straightway walk up to the guy and tell him directly that how much do you like him. There may be a case in which the guy might get surprised at the courage you have shown and might need some time to learn about his feelings, do not get disheartened because he has just asked you for some time and has not actually rejected or dumped you. 2. Telling your feelings on special events You can also tell your feelings to the guy you really likes on some special occasion or a common event and party that both of you would be attending. Make sure that you look the most pretty of all the damsels on the occasion and approach the guy you like with a sweet smile. After you have started a good conversation with the guy, ask him that if he would like to join you for a dance. In most of the cases it has been found that the guy will not refuse a stunning beauty. Make close and intimate dance and as soon as you find the closest and appropriate moment during the dance, hug the guy and look directly in his eyes and actually tell out the truth that you actually like him a lot. You can even follow this act by providing the guy with a sweet yet intense kiss and let him react. 3. Approaching romantically Another beneficial tip can be to approach the guy you like with a romantic feel. You can easily do this by getting two tickets of a romantic movie and convince the guy to watch it with you. Take some time and as soon as a romantic or passionate scene comes, try observing his emotions. In case the guy you like is totally absorbed in the particular romantic scene, this is the very exact time to express your liking to him. This approach can prove to be the best when the guy you like is a romantic kind of person. So, follow these simple and sure shot ways to tell if you like a guy and add the air of love and warmth in your life.

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Sun, 13 Feb 2011 09:31:00 -0800 Cheap Protein: The Best Sources List Finally Revealed at Last? http://touyw.posterous.com/cheap-protein-the-best-sources-list-finally-r http://touyw.posterous.com/cheap-protein-the-best-sources-list-finally-r

Cheap Protein: The Best Sources List Finally Revealed at Last?

Author: ElizabetSimpso

�I don't now about you? But I am tired of trying to get my nutrition met and losing cash in the process. There just has to be a better way. There is now. You can just scroll down through the rest of this article to find great foods that will help you meet your goals starting today!

First, one should never overlook the simpleness of eggs. These may seem a little too easy. It is only because they are. These provide an optimal amount of your nutritional needs. You can simply eat 2 eggs a day right in the morning, and you will feel powerful all the way through the day.

Secondly, have you considered the value of tuna. This does not have to be fancy at all. You can simply go to your local store and purchase several 5 ounce cans. You can eat one can a day, and easily get 40 grams of your daily requirement just that fast. This is a great muscle building food.

Thirdly, have you taken a good look at good old fashion peanut butter lately? This one item can carry quite punch when it comes to your diet. You can enjoy this one of many ways. You can spread it over whole grain or wheat bread. You can put it on apple slices or celery sticks. It is recommended that you try to purchase the all natural version if you can.

Last but not least is milk. This one drink can give you tons of cheap protein. You can drink a glass of it in the morning and one at night. It not only keeps you strong, but helps with muscle building as well.

> www.musclemakernow.com <<<<------

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Sun, 13 Feb 2011 09:31:00 -0800 Stress Management Strategies http://touyw.posterous.com/stress-management-strategies http://touyw.posterous.com/stress-management-strategies

Stress Management Strategies

Author: Brayden P.Ryan

Stress management strategy #1: Avoid unnecessary stress Not all stress can be avoided, and it�s not healthy to avoid a situation that needs to be addressed. You may be surprised, however, by the number of stressors in your life that you can eliminate. �� �Learn how to say �no� � Know your limits and stick to them. Whether in your personal or professional life, refuse to accept added responsibilities when you�re close to reaching them. Taking on more than you can handle is a surefire recipe for stress. �� �Avoid people who stress you out � If someone consistently causes stress in your life and you can�t turn the relationship around, limit the amount of time you spend with that person or end the relationship entirely. �� �Take control of your environment � If the evening news makes you anxious, turn the TV off. If traffic�s got you tense, take a longer but less-traveled route. If going to the market is an unpleasant chore, do your grocery shopping online. �� �Avoid hot-button topics � If you get upset over religion or politics, cross them off your conversation list. If you repeatedly argue about the same subject with the same people, stop bringing it up or excuse yourself when it�s the topic of discussion. �� �Pare down your to-do list � Analyze your schedule, responsibilities, and daily tasks. If you�ve got too much on your plate, distinguish between the �shoulds� and the �musts.� Drop tasks that aren�t truly necessary to the bottom of the list or eliminate them entirely. Stress management strategy #2: Alter the situation If you can�t avoid a stressful situation, try to alter it. Figure out what you can do to change things so the problem doesn�t present itself in the future. Often, this involves changing the way you communicate and operate in your daily life. �� �Express your feelings instead of bottling them up. If something or someone is bothering you, communicate your concerns in an open and respectful way. If you don�t voice your feelings, resentment will build and the situation will likely remain the same. �� �Be willing to compromise. When you ask someone to change their behavior, be willing to do the same. If you both are willing to bend at least a little, you�ll have a good chance of finding a happy middle ground. �� �Be more assertive. Don�t take a backseat in your own life. Deal with problems head on, doing your best to anticipate and prevent them. If you�ve got an exam to study for and your chatty roommate just got home, say up front that you only have five minutes to talk. �� �Manage your time better. Poor time management can cause a lot of stress. When you�re stretched too thin and running behind, it�s hard to stay calm and focused. But if you plan ahead and make sure you don�t overextend yourself, you can alter the amount of stress you�re under. Stress management strategy #3: Adapt to the stressor If you can�t change the stressor, change yourself. You can adapt to stressful situations and regain your sense of control by changing your expectations and attitude. �� �Reframe problems. Try to view stressful situations from a more positive perspective. Rather than fuming about a traffic jam, look at it as an opportunity to pause and regroup, listen to your favorite radio station, or enjoy some alone time. �� �Look at the big picture. Take perspective of the stressful situation. Ask yourself how important it will be in the long run. Will it matter in a month? A year? Is it really worth getting upset over? If the answer is no, focus your time and energy elsewhere. �� �Adjust your standards. Perfectionism is a major source of avoidable stress. Stop setting yourself up for failure by demanding perfection. Set reasonable standards for yourself and others, and learn to be okay with �good enough. �� �Focus on the positive. When stress is getting you down, take a moment to reflect on all the things you appreciate in your life, including your own positive qualities and gifts. This simple strategy can help you keep things in perspective. Adjusting Your Attitude How you think can have a profound affect on your emotional and physical well-being. Each time you think a negative thought about yourself, your body reacts as if it were in the throes of a tension-filled situation. If you see good things about yourself, you are more likely to feel good; the reverse is also true. Eliminate words such as "always," "never," "should," and "must." These are telltale marks of self-defeating thoughts. Stress management strategy #4: Accept the things you can�t change Some sources of stress are unavoidable. You can�t prevent or change stressors such as the death of a loved one, a serious illness, or a national recession. In such cases, the best way to cope with stress is to accept things as they are. Acceptance may be difficult, but in the long run, it�s easier than railing against a situation you can�t change. �� �Don�t try to control the uncontrollable. Many things in life are beyond our control� particularly the behavior of other people. Rather than stressing out over them, focus on the things you can control such as the way you choose to react to problems. �� �Look for the upside. As the saying goes, �What doesn�t kill us makes us stronger.� When facing major challenges, try to look at them as opportunities for personal growth. If your own poor choices contributed to a stressful situation, reflect on them and learn from your mistakes. �� �Share your feelings. Talk to a trusted friend or make an appointment with a therapist. Expressing what you�re going through can be very cathartic, even if there�s nothing you can do to alter the stressful situation. �� �Learn to forgive. Accept the fact that we live in an imperfect world and that people make mistakes. Let go of anger and resentments. Free yourself from negative energy by forgiving and moving on. Stress management strategy #5: Make time for fun and relaxation Beyond a take-charge approach and a positive attitude, you can reduce stress in your life by nurturing yourself. If you regularly make time for fun and relaxation, you�ll be in a better place to handle life�s stressors when they inevitably come. Healthy ways to relax and recharge �� �Go for a walk. �� �Spend time in nature. �� �Call a good friend. �� �Sweat out tension with a good workout. �� �Write in your journal. �� �Take a long bath. �� �Light scented candles �� ��� �Savor a warm cup of coffee or tea. �� �Play with a pet. �� �Work in your garden. �� �Get a massage. �� �Curl up with a good book. �� �Listen to music. �� �Watch a comedy Don�t get so caught up in the hustle and bustle of life that you forget to take care of your own needs. Nurturing yourself is a necessity, not a luxury. �� �Set aside relaxation time. Include rest and relaxation in your daily schedule. Don�t allow other obligations to encroach. This is your time to take a break from all responsibilities and recharge your batteries. �� �Connect with others. Spend time with positive people who enhance your life. A strong support system will buffer you from the negative effects of stress. �� �Do something you enjoy every day. Make time for leisure activities that bring you joy, whether it be stargazing, playing the piano, or working on your bike. �� �Keep your sense of humor. This includes the ability to laugh at yourself. The act of laughing helps your body fight stress in a number of ways. Learn the relaxation response You can control your stress levels with relaxation techniques that evoke the body�s relaxation response, a state of restfulness that is the opposite of the stress response. Regularly practicing these techniques will build your physical and emotional resilience, heal your body, and boost your overall feelings of joy and equanimity. Stress management strategy #6: Adopt a healthy lifestyle You can increase your resistance to stress by strengthening your physical health. ��� �Exercise regularly. Physical activity plays a key role in reducing and preventing the effects of stress. Make time for at least 30 minutes of exercise, three times per week. Nothing beats aerobic exercise for releasing pent-up stress and tension. �� �Eat a healthy diet. Well-nourished bodies are better prepared to cope with stress, so be mindful of what you eat. Start your day right with breakfast, and keep your energy up and your mind clear with balanced, nutritious meals throughout the day. �� �Reduce caffeine and sugar. The temporary "highs" caffeine and sugar provide often end in with a crash in mood and energy. By reducing the amount of coffee, soft drinks, chocolate, and sugar snacks in your diet, you�ll feel more relaxed and you�ll sleep better. �� �Avoid alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs. Self-medicating with alcohol or drugs may provide an easy escape from stress, but the relief is only temporary. Don�t avoid or mask the issue at hand; deal with problems head on and with a clear mind. �� �Get enough sleep. Adequate sleep fuels your mind, as well as your body. Feeling tired will increase your stress because it may cause you to think irrationally.

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Sun, 13 Feb 2011 09:31:00 -0800 Five Silly Ideas That Can Hurt Your Marriage Relationship http://touyw.posterous.com/five-silly-ideas-that-can-hurt-your-marriage http://touyw.posterous.com/five-silly-ideas-that-can-hurt-your-marriage

Five Silly Ideas That Can Hurt Your Marriage Relationship

Author: Neill Neill

Some of the old notions about marriage relationships, often stated as wise truths by our grandmothers, are still floating around and are still doing damage. One of my grandmother's favorites was "Never let the sun set on an argument."

Silly idea number one: never go to bed angry.

I swallowed that one at about aged five. Then in my 20s my wife and I would argue half the night rather than go to sleep without settling the issue.

The problem was that nothing was ever resolved. The argument was "settled" with one of us giving in and the other having his or her way. To make matters worse, our anger was seldom about what we thought it was about. If we had just let the issues sit overnight, we might have realized what the anger was about and avoided an evening of pain and further alienation.

Silly idea number two: "You should know what I need without my telling you."

Duh! I have written before about how expecting your partner to be a mind reader can lead to a mountain of disappointment.

Silly idea number three: "If you love me, you would�"

In the news last week a woman was granted a new trial regarding her involvement in her boyfriend's killing a teenaged boy. She is reported to have said to her boyfriend as he beat the boy, "If you love me, you'll kill him." Love is love. Never assume a specific action should automatically follow love.

Silly idea number four: once you're married, the man should not look at other women and the woman should not look at other men.

We are social beings who live in families, towns and cities. We're surrounded by people of both sexes, who are programmed to look good in public. And if that is not enough, there's always someone out there who is better looking and younger than our spouse.

The insanity of expecting oneself not to look at what is good to look at leads to secrecy and insane jealousy, both of which can destroy a marriage relationship. Looking does not mean leering, touching or having a romantic interest. Looking is just part of being alive.

Silly idea number five: You should never vacation alone.

Vacations are good, and they can be very good if taken together. However, for some working couples especially, vacations would be few and far between if they had to take all of them together. So they take individual vacations when they can. Their solo vacations are okay as long as no one feels guilty about it, because guilt wrecks havoc on marriage relationships.

There are other such sillies out there, like "verbal abuse isn't dangerous," and "what happens at home, stays at home." Can you think of a few more?

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Sun, 13 Feb 2011 09:31:00 -0800 Bad Breath has a variety of etiologic factors http://touyw.posterous.com/bad-breath-has-a-variety-of-etiologic-factors http://touyw.posterous.com/bad-breath-has-a-variety-of-etiologic-factors

Bad Breath has a variety of etiologic factors

Author: Aila R. Cruvinel

The etiology of oral malodor is multifactorial. In the presence of adequate substrate with appropriate conditions, a sequence of events leads to the release into the oral cavity of pungent gases that pollute exhaled air and are perceived as bad breath. Research has identified several microorganisms that produce these offensive odors and provided a fair explanation of the conditions necessary for their production. In addition to the presence of certain types of bacteria, the type and amount of substrate, and oxygen and pH levels influence the occurrence and severity of oral malodor.

Certain chemical end products of bacterial putrefaction known as volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are foul smelling and determined to be responsible for the offensive odor recognized as bad breath.l2-l5 Nonsulfur-containing compounds such as cadaverine, putrescine, indole and skatolel6,l7 have also been implicated in the foul smell of oral malodor, but their contribution is thought to be limited.7 VSCs such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide make up more than 90 percent of the putrid odors from the mouth.8 Two of these VSCs, hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, account for approximately 90 percent of the total VSCs identified with putrid odors from the mouth.9,l8

Specific groups of bacteria have been identified with the production of oral malodor. Using in vitro methods, McNamara and colleagues demonstrated that the formation of putrid odors from incubated saliva correlated with a shift in the microbial flora from a predominately gram-positive to a predominately gram-negative anaerobic flora.6 Concomitant with this shift in flora, they observed a depletion of carbohydrates and a rise in the pH level of the stagnant saliva. As the carbohydrates are depleted, the gram-positive acidogenic flora are suppressed and the gram-negative microorganisms, capable of protein metabolism, become progressively more dominant.7 Evaluated individually, none (n=9) of the gram-positive microorganisms produced an unpleasant odor whereas all (n=4) of the gram-negative microorganisms (Fusobacterium polymorphum, Veillonella alcalescens, Bacteroides fundiliformis, Klebsiella pneumoniae) produced a putrid odor.6 In a similar study, Solis-Gaffar and colleagues found that only the gram-negative microorganisms (Veillonella alcalescens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides melanogenicus and Klebsiella pneumoniae) produced VSCs.l9The production of VSCs was accompanied by an unpleasant odor and a rise in the pH level of the saliva mixture. Except for Klebsiella pneumoniae, all gram-negative microorganisms required blood in the mixture to produce VSCs. None (n=8) of the gram-positive microorganisms produced VSCs with or without blood products.l9

Anaerobic conditions, necessary for the production of VSCs, are created in microenvironments. The accumulation of plaque and debris and the stagnation of saliva occur most commonly in areas where tooth and tissue crevices lend themselves to stagnant microenvironments. The most common sites for stagnation, plaque accumulation and production of VSCs are the posterior dorsum tongue, interdental spaces and subgingival areas.l7 Dental plaque progresses from an aerobic, gram-positive colonization to one that is anaerobic, favoring gram-negative growth. As the bacterial plaque matures (0.1-0.2 mm thickness), the oxygen level drops to zero, favoring reduced conditions and the production of odoriferous volatiles.20 Oxygen depletion is attributed to the bacteria that use oxygen to oxidize substrates. Anaerobic bacteria produce foul-smelling VSCs from the sulfur-containing proteins and amino acids found in saliva and crevicular fluid.ll,2l Putrefactive formation of VSCs is favored by an alkaline pH (7.2) and inhibited by an acidic pH (6.5).7 The presence of glucose (0.02 M) also inhibits the formation of VSCs7

Specific sulfur-containing precursors are required for the bacterial production of VSCs. Proteinaceous substrates�namely exfoliated epithelium, leukocytes, food debris and dead bacteria�are degraded by proteolysis into peptides. and amino acids. The sulfur-containing amino acids, specifically cysteine and methionine, are further degraded into VSCs. Gas chromatographic studies have identified hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan as the putrefactive end products of cysteine and methionine, respectively.22 Exfoliated epithelial cells and effused leukocytes are the major sources of protein with sulfur-containing amino acids.7,9,27 The severity of oral malodor (VSC level) is influenced by bacterial plaque levels, substrate availability, time of day and oral dryness.5 Oral malodor is worst in the morning, following an extended period of oral dryness and undisturbed bacterial putrefaction.8 Oral malodor improves following oral hygiene procedures.8 There is evidence to suggest that periodontal disease increases the severity of oral malodor.

Treatment of Oral Malodor

Oral malodor is a multifactorial problem that requires a well-defined approach to diagnosis and treatment. Successful treatment is associated with the ability to identify the major and minor contributing factors and to address them with appropriate and effective therapy. When periodontitis, pathologically deep pockets or heavy deposits are identified in an individual with chronic halitosis, treatment of the periodontal disease and improved oral hygiene can produce excellent clinical outcomes.7 Numerous oral hygiene devices and chemical agents can be implemented to improve plaque control and thus effectively manage oral malodor. Patient education about oral hygiene practices is crucial to the successful treatment of oral malodor associated with periodontitis. Periodontal pockets and defective and overhanging restorations that are difficult or impossible to clean should be treated to improve access and correct defects. The successful treatment of periodontal disease is greatly dependent on the patient's daily practice of good oral hygiene to control bacterial plaque growth and progression. Likewise, the successful treatment of oral malodor is greatly dependent on personal oral hygiene.

�Clinical examination for signs and symptoms of periodontal disease remains the most common method for detection of gingivitis and periodontitis. Observation for clinical signs of erythema in the gingiva are diagnostic for current periodontal inflammation. Measuring probing pocket depths with a periodontal probe detects previous attachment loss, calculus deposits and periodontal pocket formation. Although not predictive of future periodontal breakdown, bleeding/exudate from the periodontal pocket or increased temperature within the pocket can indicate disease activity. Radiographic examination determines the degree of prior bone loss and helps detect areas that are inaccessible to cleaning, such as overhangs, caries and furcations. A diagnosis of periodontitis would lead to a series of steps including oral hygiene instructions (D) specifically directed at the periodontal condition and plaque control, periodontal therapy (E) for pocket reduction, plaque control and calculus removal followed by a re-evaluation (F) to determine disease control. Any poor restorations, overhangs or caries should also be treated and/or corrected. The specific contribution of bacterial pathogens to the oral malodor can be assessed in selected cases via indirect methods such as BANA hydrolysis. (G) However, the BANA hydrolysis test is an indirect measure used to determine the presence of the periodontal pathogenic microorganisms. As mentioned above, these tests do not measure the offending compounds.

The ultimate goal of treatment for oral malodor should be directed at eliminating or at least reducing the causative microorganisms and associated substrates. If the microorganisms' quantity and plaque maturity are controlled, then their capabilities to produce VSCs is greatly reduced. The substrate available for metabolic breakdown should likewise be eliminated or reduced with good oral hygiene and control of periodontal inflammatory disease.

Conclusion

An estimated 80 percent to 90 percent of all bad breath odors originate from the mouth and are caused by bacteria. Anaerobic bacteria, oxygen depletion, alkaline pH and sulfur-containing substrates are some of the requirements for oral malodor to occur. The accumulation of plaque and debris and the stagnation of saliva occur most commonly in areas where tooth and tissue crevices lend themselves to stagnant microenvironments. The most common sites for the production of VSCs (hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan) are the posterior dorsum tongue, interdental spaces and subgingival areas.

The association among periodontal pathogenic microorganisms, periodontal disease and oral malodor has been strongly implicated but not proved. Although oral malodor is probably not caused by periodontal disease, there is ample evidence to suggest that periodontal disease increases the severity of oral malodor. Periodontitis worsens the severity of oral malodor by providing additional sites of VSC production (interdental and subgingival), an increased availability of sulfur-containing substrate (exfoliated epithelial cells and leukocytes) and an increased rate of methionine metabolism (precursor to methyl mercaptan). Periodontitis contributes to an increased tongue coating with higher VSC production. There is evidence to suggest that VSCs, i.e., oral malodor, may contribute to the progression and pathogenesis of periodontal disease via increased mucosal permeability. Treatment for oral malodor should be directed at eliminating or at least reducing the causative microorganisms and the associated substrates with diligent oral hygiene procedures. It is essential to diag nose and control any periodontal disease that may coexist and worsen the severity of oral malodor.

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Sun, 13 Feb 2011 09:31:00 -0800 Cash before Payday - Money for Your Hard Time http://touyw.posterous.com/cash-before-payday-money-for-your-hard-time http://touyw.posterous.com/cash-before-payday-money-for-your-hard-time

Cash before Payday - Money for Your Hard Time

Author: Elizabeth Swann

Your reaction towards the emergency situation depends whether you are having the money with you or not. If you are having it, then there is no need to take tension. But if you are not having any, it can be a real problem for you. With the beginning of cash before payday, there is nothing to be concerned. Through this monetary scheme, you will be capable to derive the money in an instant and that too without facing too many obstacles. The term of the fiscal idea clearly indicates that it is meant to bridge the finance gap that occurs in between your two successive paydays. Further, the amount borrowed can be used to deal with the urgent expenses such as meeting sudden medical emergency, tour expenses, credit card bills, car or house repair etc. Under 1 hour payday loans, you are free to obtain amount in the range of ?50-?1500. This amount is made obtainable for a short term period of 1 to 30 days from the approval. You need to return the amount at your next payday. For this lender takes the permission from you for taking the money directly from your account. It is due to its short term nature of the scheme you have to pay a high rate of interest on these advances. Even then a proper research in the traditional as well as online market will aid you to obtain a better loan deal. In order to opt for urgent cash loans, you have to satisfy some preconditions specified by the lender. You must be employed in a firm or organization from past few months. You should be getting monthly income at least ?1000 and you must possess an active checking account. Apart from these, you must be a national of UK and an adult only then you are able to apply. � You can achieve this credit option both through the traditional as well as online medium. However, it would be best to go for online mode because here you will get the fast process and hassle free approval.

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Sun, 13 Feb 2011 09:31:00 -0800 IMF, World Bank $1.2B debt relief support for Guinea-Bissau http://touyw.posterous.com/imf-world-bank-12b-debt-relief-support-for-gu http://touyw.posterous.com/imf-world-bank-12b-debt-relief-support-for-gu

IMF, World Bank $1.2B debt relief support for Guinea-Bissau

Author: White Digital Media

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank's International Development Association (IDA) have decided to support $1.2 billion in debt relief for Guinea-Bissau.

In addition to debt relief agreed at the decision point under the Enhanced Initiative for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC), the boards of directors of both institutions agreed to topping-up assistance, including from IDA and the African Development Bank (AfDB) Group, to further reduce the debt of Guinea-Bissau to 150 percent of exports at completion point.

Also, in reaching the HIPC completion point, Guinea-Bissau also became eligible for further debt relief under the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI).

The boards agreed that Guinea-Bissau had taken necessary policy actions ("triggers") to reach the completion point under the HIPC Initiative, a stage in which debt relief under both the HIPC Initiative and MDRI becomes irrevocable.

The triggers included implementing a national poverty reduction strategy; maintaining macroeconomic stability; strengthening public expenditure management; improving education, healthcare and HIV/AIDS prevention; and demobilising former combatants.

Debt relief for Guinea-Bissau will lead to debt service savings consisting in nominal terms of $703.0 million from the HIPC Initiative, $107.9 million in expected additional assistance from Paris Club creditors beyond the HIPC Initiative, $230.3 million in topping-up assistance, and $139.2 million from the MDRI.

Debt relief from the IMF and IDA, the World Bank's fund for the poorest, will total $15.0 million and $347.2 million, respectively, with the remaining relief expected to come from bilateral, commercial, and other multilateral creditors. As a result of this relief, Guinea-Bissau's external debt outlook will improve significantly.

Paulo Drummond, IMF mission chief for Guinea-Bissau, said: "Reaching the HIPC completion point and getting debt relief demonstrates and recognizes the progress achieved by Guinea-Bissau in the last two years in strengthening macroeconomic policies and performance following a prolonged period of political instability.

"It will help Guinea-Bissau improve further its relations with its external creditors, send a positive signal to donors and potential investors, and greatly enhance debt sustainability."

Habib Fetini, World Bank Country Director for Guinea-Bissau, said: "This rewards the country's tremendous efforts to reestablish economic, social and institutional stability, and permits Guinea-Bissau and its partners to shift their focus toward meeting the enormous challenges of regaining what was lost over the past conflict-afflicted decades."

Guinea-Bissau becomes the 32nd country to reach the completion point under the HIPC Initiative. The completion point marks the end of the HIPC Initiative process, which started in December 2000 when the executive boards of the IMF and IDA agreed that Guinea-Bissau had met the requirements for reaching the decision point, a point in which countries start receiving debt relief on an interim basis.

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Sun, 13 Feb 2011 09:31:00 -0800 Tiny Prints � Promo Code & Review http://touyw.posterous.com/tiny-prints-promo-code-review http://touyw.posterous.com/tiny-prints-promo-code-review

Tiny Prints � Promo Code & Review

Author: Alan Saltz

If you're already looking for a Tiny Prints promo code, there's a good chance you're already familiar with what they offer.

If not, then you might be wondering whether the website � a provider of customized photo cards and invitations � is right for you.

Many people think of Tiny Prints when they think of holiday cards. And indeed they have a great selection of unique and customizeable Christmas, Hanukkah, New Years, Thanksgiving cards, and more.

But in reality, Tiny Prints offers a lot more than just holiday cards!

In fact, they have thank you cards and stationary, business cards, wedding programs and perhaps their biggest offering� invitations. From birthday parties and weddings, to religious events and celebrations, to birth announcements and baby showers, Tiny Prints has invitations for almost any occasion you can think of.

But, what sets them apart from some other options isn't just their selection� it's the site's remarkable ease of use.

First, you can browse their collections by category, or shop by occasion. Once you've arrived at the right category, you'll have the opportunity to narrow down by card type, price, color, best sellers and more. As for variety, they offer everything from standard folded cards, to jumbo pictures, to photo montages, tri-fold cards, even pop up cards! So you'll never be without options.

And consider this� there's even a rating system so that customers who purchased an item in the past are able to leave feedback, comments, and complaints to help future users make better decisions. Just look for the yellow stars below each individual card or invitation (it's a 5 star rating system).

Personalization is a snap as well. Upon making your selection and entering the card editor, you simply fill in the blank fields or click on the text boxes to enter your customized content. Click on a photo and you can upload photographs from your computer or hard drive to place on the card. The editor is very easy to use. In fact, it even walks you through, step by step, from the front of the card, to the middle (if there is one) to the back.

It's simple, and you certainly don't have to be a designer to end up with a beautiful customized card.

Tiny Prints can even stamp, address, and mail cards for you saving you time, hassle, and headaches. Talk about easy!

Saving money is easy as well. That's because aside from their already affordable prices, customers can take advantage of Tiny Prints promo codes that act like an instant discount.

Using a Tiny Prints promo code is as simple as entering a code during the checkout phase of ordering. Once entered, the discount is automatically applied to the order and will be deducted from your total.

Everything can be completed in just a few easy steps.

The bottom line? Find a card you like, and Tiny Prints makes the process of customizing, ordering, and sending them incredibly easy and affordable.

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Sun, 13 Feb 2011 09:31:00 -0800 Windows Phone 7 - A Smartphone Operating System Worth Considering http://touyw.posterous.com/windows-phone-7-a-smartphone-operating-system http://touyw.posterous.com/windows-phone-7-a-smartphone-operating-system

Windows Phone 7 - A Smartphone Operating System Worth Considering

Author: Mark Walters

In February 2010, Microsoft treated the public to a preview of their new mobile phone operating system to finally prove that what Windows Mobile failed at - that they are able to do mobile operating systems as well as they do PC operating systems. At the time the software was impressive looking and obviously had potential, but the press were skeptical. Fast forward to October 2010 and the final v1.0 of Microsoft Windows Phone 7 was released.

The design brief was apparently simple, though not quite as easy to achieve as it may seem, build an operating system that is able to compete on a level playing field with the likes of the iOS4 from Apple and the continuously updated Android platform from Google, now on version 2.3. What has now been produced is a system that is certainly capable and utilizes hardware specifications to great effect, whilst also incorporating the ever more important touchscreen support.

It seems that Microsoft have achieved quite a lot of what they set out to accomplish as the WP7 interface is a joy to use. Menus are easy to access and scroll through, page transitions are smooth and fast and the whole visual design is extremely attractive. The copy and paste functionality problems that plague so many other platforms are just not present, the onscreen keyboard is very easy to use and is possibly the best example on any device and there is integration with other popular Microsoft platforms such as Xbox Live and Zune. Social networking is also very well integrated with almost too many ways to synchronize status updates, contact information and emails from a number of online addresses.

Some reports have suggested that Microsoft have been working on an updated mobile phone platform since 2004 but each one has been scrapped and some even being adapted into Windows Mobile updates. It has been confirmed, though, that in actual fact the Windows Phone 7 OS has only been in development for a relatively short period since 2008, when Microsoft first recognized that the Windows Mobile platform needed too much work. Ultimately this has meant that although it is a great OS, WP7 is still at least a years development behind Android and iOS4.

The Microsoft Windows Phone 7 operating system is a great looking, fast and capable interface with some very useful integrated functions. The camera software works very well and is easy to use and online browsing is simple and quick. Though what this OS really needs is another few months of updates to bring it right up to speed and therefore able to really compete against Apple and Google. What is good to hear is that Microsoft seems to be in it for the long haul, and with a good base to start with, things can only get better for WP7.

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Sun, 13 Feb 2011 09:31:00 -0800 2010 Deep Research Report on China Wind Turbine Pitch Systems Industry http://touyw.posterous.com/2010-deep-research-report-on-china-wind-turbi http://touyw.posterous.com/2010-deep-research-report-on-china-wind-turbi

2010 Deep Research Report on China Wind Turbine Pitch Systems Industry

Author: ReportsandReports

Original Source: Wind Turbine Pitch Industry

Buy Now: Market Research

2010 Deep Research Report on China Wind Turbine Pitch Systems Industry was published by QYResearch Wind Energy Research Center on June 2010. It was a professional and depth research report on China Wind Power Pitch Systems Industry. We focus on China domestic market in this report and make a comprehensive and objective reflection of the status of China's current wind power Pitch Systems industry. Wind power Pitch Systems is core component of large-scale wind turbine and is currently in the low level of domestic production.

In the report, the following information will be included:

China Wind turbine Pitch Systems production and demand from 2009-2014;

Top 9 Foreign Wind Turbine Pitch Systems manufacturers in China and Top10 China Domestic Wind Turbine Pitch Systems manufacturers Capacity Production Cost Average selling price Production Value Revenue Profit etc information;

China Wind Turbine Pitch Systems industry development trend and relevant conclusions; Finally, we conduct a comprehensive summary of China Wind Turbine Pitch Systems industry, including the past present and forecast the future, we also make a feasibility analysis of 500 sets/year Electric Pitch Systems project,we carry out accurate calculation on investment cost, revenue, profitability, payback period. In a word, it was a depth research report on china Wind Turbine Pitch Systems industry chain. And thanks to the China Wind Turbine Pitch Systems marketing or technology experts help and support during QYResearch Wind Energy team survey and interviews.

Table of Contents

Chapter One Wind turbine Pitch systems Industry Overview 1

1.1 Definition 1

1.2 Classification and Application 2

1.3 Wind turbine Pitch systems Structure 4

1.4 Wind turbine Pitch systems Function 7

1.5 Wind turbine Pitch systems Industry Outlook 12

Chapter Two Wind turbine Pitch systems Manufacture Technology and Processes 19

2.1 Electric pitch system Design 19

2.2 Hydraulic pitch system Design 23

2.3 Wind turbine Pitch systems Technology status and future 27

Chapter Three China Wind turbine Pitch systems Productions Supply Sales Demand Market Status and Forecast 32

3.1 Pitch systems Productions Overview 32

3.2 Pitch systems Demand 34

3.3 Supply and Demand of China Wind Turbine Pitch systems 116

3.4 Cost Price Value Profit Margin 117

3.5 Wind turbine Pitch systems Customer relationship List 118

Chapter Four Foreign Wind turbine Pitch systems Key Manufacturers 119

4.1 MOOG(Germany LTi REEnergy LUST) 119

4.1.1 MOOG/LUST Introduction 119

4.1.2 MOOG Pitch systems products and technologies 121

4.1.3 MOOG Performance in China 132

4.1.4 MOOG Competitive 133

4.1.5 MOOGWind turbine Pitch systems Production Capacity Price analysis 134

4.2 SSB Wind System(Germany Qingdao Emerson acquisition) 135

4.2.1 SSB Wind System Introduction 135

4.2.2 SSB Pitch systems products and technologies 137

4.2.3 SSB Performance in China 139

4.2.4 SSB Competitive 140

4.2.5 SSB Wind turbine Pitch systems Production Capacity Price analysis 141

4.3 Germany ATECH(P&R Shanghai Energy Equipment Co.,Ltd agent) 142

4.3.1 Germany ATECH Introduction 142

4.3.2 Germany ATECH Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 143

4.3.3 Germany ATECH Performance in China 145

4.3.4 Germany ATECH Competitive 145

4.3.5 Germany ATECH Wind turbine Pitch systems Production Capacity Price analysis 145

4.4 Mita-Teknik(Denmark) 147

4.4.1 Mita-Teknik Introduction 147

4.4.2 Mita-Teknik Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 149

4.4.3 Mita-Teknik Performance in China 150

4.4.4 Mita-Teknik Competitive 151

4.4.5 Mita-Teknik Wind turbine Pitch systems Production Capacity Price analysis 151

4.5 AMSC Windtec (Germany KEB) 152

4.5.1 AMSC Windtec Introduction 152

4.5.2 AMSC WindtecWind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 153

4.5.3 AMSC Windtec Performance in China 154

4.5.4 AMSC Windtec Competitive 154

4.5.5 AMSC Windtec Wind turbine Pitch systems Production Capacity Price analysis 155

4.6 Parker hannifin 157

4.6.1 Parker hannifin Introduction 157

4.6.2 Parker hannifin Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 158

4.6.3 Parker hannifin Performance in China 159

4.6.4 Parker hannifin Competitive 159

4.7 Windurance LLC(MLS Electrosystem) 160

4.7.1 Windurance LLC Introduction 160

4.7.2 Windurance LLC Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 161

4.7.3 Windurance LLC Performance in China 166

4.7.4 Windurance LLC Competitive 166

4.8 Bosch Rexroth(USA) 167

4.8.1 Bosch Rexroth Introduction 167

4.8.2 Bosch Rexroth Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 168

4.8.3 Bosch Rexroth Performance in China 171

4.8.4 Bosch Rexroth Competitive 172

4.9 AVN Energy(Denmark) 172

4.9.1 AVN Energy Introduction 172

4.9.2 AVN Energy Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 174

4.9.3 AVN Energy Performance in China 175

4.9.4 AVN Energy Competitive 175

Chapter Five Domestic Wind turbine Pitch systems Key Manufacturers 176

5.1 Guilin Star Power Electronic Co., Ltd.(Drive motor) 176

5.1.1 Stars-tech Introduction 176

5.1.2 Guilin Stars-tech Wind Power SC Series Servo System and Technical Features 177

5.1.3 Guilin Stars-tech Domestic customers and Performance 178

5.1.4 Guilin Stars-tech Wind pitch servo drive Production Capacity Price analysis 179

5.2 REnergy Electric Tianjin Ltd(REE) 180

5.2.1 REnergy Electric Introduction 180

5.2.2 REnergy Electric Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 181

5.2.3 REnergy Electric Domestic customers and Performance 182

5.2.4 REnergy Electric Competitive 183

5.2.5 REnergy Electric Wind turbine Pitch systems Production Capacity Price analysis 183

5.3 Dongfang Electric Auto-control Engineering Co., Ltd.(DEA) 184

5.3.1 DEA Introduction 184

5.3.2 DEA Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 185

5.3.3 DEA Domestic customers and Performance 186

5.3.4 DEA Competitive 186

5.3.5 DEA Wind turbine Pitch systems Production Capacity Price analysis 186

5.4 Chengdu Forward Technology Co., Ltd 187

5.4.1 Chengdu Forward Introduction 188

5.4.2 Chengdu Forward Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 188

5.4.3 Chengdu Forward Domestic customers and Performance 189

5.4.4 Chengdu Forward Competitive 190

5.4.5 Chengdu Forward Wind turbine Pitch systems Production Capacity Price analysis 190

5.5 Beijing Corona Science & Technology Co., Ltd. 191

5.5.1 Corona Introduction 191

5.5.2 Corona Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 192

5.5.3 Corona Domestic customers and Performance 193

5.5.4 Corona Competitive 194

5.5.5 Corona Wind turbine Pitch systems Production Capacity Price analysis 195

5.6 Lianyungang Jariec Electronic Co., Ltd. 196

5.6.1 Lianyungang Jariec Electronic Introduction 196

5.6.2 Lianyungang Jariec Electronic Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 197

5.6.3 Lianyungang Jariec Electronic Domestic customers and Performance 199

5.6.4 Lianyungang Jariec Electronic Competitive 200

5.6.5 Lianyungang Jariec ElectronicWind turbine Pitch systems Production Capacity Price analysis 201

5.7 Beijing Hollysys Co., Ltd 202

5.7.1 Beijing Hollysys Co., Ltd Introduction 202

5.7.2 Beijing Hollysys Co., Ltd Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 203

5.7.3 Beijing Hollysys Co., Ltd R & D status 204

5.7.4 Beijing Hollysys Co., Ltd Competitive 204

5.8 Shanghai Xinhua Control Technology (Group) Co., Ltd 205

5.8.1 Xinhua Control Introduction 205

5.8.2 Xinhua Control Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 206

5.8.3 Xinhua Control R & D status 207

5.8.4 Xinhua Control Competitive 207

5.9 Shenzhen ZYD Technology Co., Ltd. 207

5.9.1 ZYD Introduction 207

5.9.2 ZYD Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 208

5.9.3 ZYD Domestic customers and Performance 209

5.9.4 ZYD Competitive 209

5.10 SPN Technology co.,ltd.(SPN) 210

5.10.1 SPN Introduction 210

5.10.2 SPN Wind turbine Pitch systems products and technologies 211

5.10.3 SPN Wind turbine Pitch systems R & D status 212

5.10.4 SPN Competitive 212

Chapter Six China Wind turbine Pitch systems Downstream Co-operation Wind Turbine Manufacturers 213

6.1 Sinovel(Beijing 1.5MW 3.0MW) 213

6.2 Goldwind(Xinjiang 750KW 1.5MW 2.5MW) 231

6.3 DEC(600875 1.5MW) 251

5.4 Mingyang(Guangdong 1.5MW 3.0MW) 265

6.5 Vestas(Denmark Tianjin 2.0MW 850KW) 273

6.6 GE Wind(USA Shenyang 1.5MW) 286

Chapter Seven Feasibility Analysis of China New Wind turbine Pitch systems Projects 293

7.1 Opportunity and Risk of China New Wind turbine Pitch systems Project 293

7.2 Feasibility Analysis of Wind turbine Pitch systems project 294

Chapter Eight Wind turbine Pitch systems Industry Research Conclusions 297

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